/* ============================================================================
   style.css

   Organised as:
     1. Design tokens (colours, spacing, type) — change the palette here
     2. Reset & base
     3. Layout: sidebar + content
     4. Sidebar pieces
     5. Panels & shared bits (buttons, prose, cards)
     6. Home / Publications / Software / Teaching / CV
     7. Responsive
     8. Print
     9. Standalone pages (404, noscript)

   To restyle the whole site, you mostly only need section 1.
   ========================================================================== */


/* == 1. Design tokens ====================================================== */

:root {
  /* Accent — the one colour that carries the site. Drawn from the viridis
     colormap so it sits with the simulation clips rather than fighting them.
     These exact values are chosen for contrast: #15756e is 5.29:1 on --bg,
     which normal body text needs. Lightening it will fail WCAG AA. */
  --accent:        #15756e;
  --accent-soft:   #e2f2f0;
  --accent-ink:    #0f5a55;

  /* Surfaces. --bg-raised must stay distinct from --bg or cards stop reading
     as raised and the shadows do nothing. */
  --bg:            #fbfaf7;
  --bg-sunken:     #f3f1ec;
  --bg-raised:     #ffffff;
  --sidebar-bg:    #f5f3ee;

  /* Text. --ink-faint is deliberately darker than it looks like it should be:
     the obvious warm grey (#8a847a) is only 3.55:1 on --bg and this token is
     used for captions and metadata. */
  --ink:           #1c1a17;
  --ink-muted:     #5f5a52;
  --ink-faint:     #736d63;

  /* Lines */
  --line:          #e7e3da;
  --line-strong:   #d3cdc0;

  /* Effects */
  --shadow-sm:     0 1px 2px rgba(60, 50, 35, .06);
  --shadow-md:     0 4px 18px -5px rgba(60, 50, 35, .16);
  --radius:        12px;
  --radius-sm:     6px;

  /* Type */
  --font: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue",
          Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif;
  --font-serif: ui-serif, Georgia, "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype",
                "Book Antiqua", Palatino, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --font-mono: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, "SF Mono", Menlo, Consolas,
               "Liberation Mono", monospace;

  /* A ~1.2 modular scale. Use these, not ad-hoc rem values — the previous
     stylesheet had 15+ sizes with 12 of them between .78 and 1.0rem, which
     is why nothing had any hierarchy. */
  --t-xs:          .8rem;       /* pills, smallest metadata */
  --t-sm:          .875rem;     /* captions, buttons, chips, supporting text */
  --t-base:        1.0625rem;   /* body — 17px */
  --t-md:          1.15rem;     /* card and interest headings */
  --t-lg:          1.4rem;      /* sidebar name, gallery titles */
  --t-xl:          1.75rem;
  --t-2xl:         2.25rem;     /* panel titles */

  /* Metrics */
  --sidebar-w:     19rem;
  --pad:           2.5rem;

  /* Two content widths, because prose and grids want different things.
     --measure keeps running text at a readable line length; --wide lets
     grids, media and the CV preview use the screen they're given. */
  --measure:       42rem;
  --wide:          82rem;
  --rail-w:        26rem;   /* floor; the rail grows to --rail-max if there's room */
  --rail-max:      30rem;
}

/* Dark palette. Defined twice: once for the OS preference (unless the user has
   explicitly chosen light), once for the explicit toggle. */
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
    --accent:      #5fcfc0;
    --accent-soft: #123330;
    --accent-ink:  #8fded2;

    --bg:          #10131a;
    --bg-sunken:   #161a23;
    --bg-raised:   #171b24;
    --sidebar-bg:  #0c0f15;

    --ink:         #e6e9ef;
    --ink-muted:   #a2abba;
    --ink-faint:   #798394;

    --line:        #242a36;
    --line-strong: #333b4a;

    --shadow-sm:   0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .4);
    --shadow-md:   0 4px 16px -4px rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
  }
}

:root[data-theme="dark"] {
  --accent:      #5fcfc0;
  --accent-soft: #123330;
  --accent-ink:  #8fded2;

  --bg:          #10131a;
  --bg-sunken:   #161a23;
  --bg-raised:   #171b24;
  --sidebar-bg:  #0c0f15;

  --ink:         #e6e9ef;
  --ink-muted:   #a2abba;
  --ink-faint:   #798394;

  --line:        #242a36;
  --line-strong: #333b4a;

  --shadow-sm:   0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .4);
  --shadow-md:   0 4px 16px -4px rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
}


/* == 2. Reset & base ======================================================= */

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--font);
  font-size: var(--t-base);
  line-height: 1.7;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4 { line-height: 1.25; margin: 0; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -.01em; }
/* Serif headings against a sans body. Georgia and friends are on every
   platform, so this costs nothing to download. */
.panel-title, .identity-name, .interest h3, .gallery-title,
.rail-title, .course h3, .pub-title, .notfound h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.006em;
}
/* Georgia defaults to old-style figures, which makes columns of years
   ragged. Anywhere numerals line up, force lining + tabular. */
.pub-year, .news time, .course-term, .rail-caption {
  font-variant-numeric: lining-nums tabular-nums;
}
p { margin: 0 0 1em; }
ul, ol { margin: 0 0 1em; padding-left: 1.25em; }
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }

a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 2px; }

:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 2px;
  border-radius: 3px;
}

code, pre { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .875em; }

.skip-link {
  position: absolute; left: -9999px; top: 0;
  background: var(--accent); color: #fff;
  padding: .6rem 1rem; z-index: 100; border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-sm) 0;
}
.skip-link:focus { left: 0; }


/* == 3. Layout ============================================================= */

.layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: var(--sidebar-w) minmax(0, 1fr);
  min-height: 100vh;
}

.sidebar {
  background: var(--sidebar-bg);
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.sidebar-inner {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  max-height: 100vh;
  overflow-y: auto;
  padding: 2.75rem 1.75rem 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.75rem;
}

.content {
  padding: 3.25rem var(--pad) 4rem;
  min-width: 0;
}
/* Panels are wide by default and rein themselves in per-content-type below. */
.content > .panel,
.site-foot { max-width: var(--wide); }

/* Citations read better narrow, and Alex asked for this tab to stay put. */
.panel[data-route="publications"] { max-width: 48rem; }

/* Running text keeps a readable measure regardless of the panel width. */
.lede,
.prose,
.cv-note,
.course-blurb,
.gallery-desc { max-width: var(--measure); }


/* == 4. Sidebar ============================================================ */

.identity { text-align: center; }

.avatar {
  width: 9.5rem; height: 9.5rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  margin: 0 auto .95rem;
  background: var(--bg-sunken);
  border: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--line), 0 0 0 6px var(--bg), var(--shadow-sm);
}

.identity-name {
  font-size: var(--t-lg);
  margin-bottom: .35rem;
}
.identity-title {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.identity-affil {
  margin: .15rem 0 0;
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* -- nav -- */
.nav { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1px; }

.nav a {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  padding: .5rem .75rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background .16s ease, color .16s ease;
}
.nav a::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; top: 50%;
  width: 3px; height: 0;
  border-radius: 3px;
  background: var(--accent);
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  transition: height .2s cubic-bezier(.2, .8, .3, 1);
}
.nav a:hover { background: var(--bg-sunken); color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--accent); background: var(--accent-soft); }
.nav a[aria-current="page"]::before { height: 1.1rem; }

/* -- links -- */
.links { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1px; }

.links li { display: flex; align-items: center; min-width: 0; }

.links a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .6rem;
  min-width: 0;
  flex: 1;
  padding: .38rem .75rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  transition: background .16s ease, color .16s ease;
}
.links a:hover { background: var(--bg-sunken); color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.links a span { overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
.links svg { width: 16px; height: 16px; flex: none; stroke-width: 1.6; }

/* Copy-to-clipboard button beside a mailto: link. */
.copy-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex: none;
  width: 1.75rem;
  height: 1.75rem;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity .16s ease, background .16s ease, color .16s ease;
}
.copy-btn svg { width: 14px; height: 14px; }
.links li:hover .copy-btn,
.copy-btn:focus-visible { opacity: 1; }
.copy-btn:hover { background: var(--bg-sunken); color: var(--ink); }
.copy-btn.copied { opacity: 1; color: var(--accent); }

/* No hover on touch devices, so keep it permanently visible there. */
@media (hover: none) {
  .copy-btn { opacity: 1; }
}

.sidebar-foot { margin-top: auto; padding-top: 1rem; }

.theme-toggle {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .5rem;
  padding: .35rem .7rem;
  font: inherit;
  font-size: var(--t-xs);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  background: transparent;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: border-color .16s ease, color .16s ease;
}
.theme-toggle:hover { border-color: var(--line-strong); color: var(--ink); }
.theme-toggle-icon {
  width: 13px; height: 13px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--ink-faint) 0 50%, transparent 50% 100%);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--ink-faint);
}


/* == 5. Panels & shared bits =============================================== */

.panel { display: none; }
.panel.is-active { display: block; animation: panel-in .3s cubic-bezier(.2, .7, .3, 1) both; }

@keyframes panel-in {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(8px); }
  to   { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
}

.panel-title {
  font-size: var(--t-2xl);
  margin-bottom: 1.6rem;
}
/* A short accent rule gives each tab a clear entry point. */
.panel-title::after {
  content: "";
  display: block;
  width: 3rem;
  height: 2px;
  margin-top: .7rem;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
}

.section-head {
  font-size: var(--t-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  margin: 3rem 0 1.1rem;
}

.prose p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .4rem;
  padding: .32rem .7rem;
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-family: inherit;
  transition: border-color .16s ease, color .16s ease, background .16s ease;
}
.btn:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.pill {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: .1rem .5rem;
  font-size: var(--t-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--bg-sunken);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.pill-accent { background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent-ink); border-color: transparent; }

.empty, .error {
  padding: 1rem 1.15rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--bg-sunken);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.error { border-left: 3px solid #d9534f; }
.error code {
  background: var(--bg);
  padding: .1rem .35rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.site-foot {
  margin-top: 4rem;
  padding-top: 1.25rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: var(--t-xs);
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}


/* == 6a. Home ============================================================== */

.lede {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: var(--t-md);
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  margin-bottom: 1.9rem;
}

.interests {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(15rem, 1fr));
  gap: .85rem;
}
.interest {
  padding: 1.25rem 1.35rem;
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  transition: border-color .18s ease, transform .18s ease, box-shadow .18s ease;
}
.interest:hover {
  border-color: var(--line-strong);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}
.interest h3 { font-size: var(--t-md); margin-bottom: .35rem; }
.interest p { margin: 0; font-size: var(--t-sm); color: var(--ink-muted); line-height: 1.6; }

.news { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.news li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 5.5rem 1fr;
  gap: .75rem;
  padding: .6rem 0;
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.news li:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.news time { color: var(--ink-faint); font-size: var(--t-xs); padding-top: .18rem; }


/* == 6a-ii. Home layout + simulation rail ================================== */

.home-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(var(--rail-w), var(--rail-max));
  gap: 2.75rem;
  align-items: start;
}
.home-main { min-width: 0; max-width: 52rem; }

.home-rail {
  position: sticky;
  top: 2rem;
  min-width: 0;
}

.rail-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  overflow: hidden;
}
/* The rail is sticky, so the card must never be taller than the viewport.
   A very tall clip letterboxes inside the frame rather than overflowing. */
.rail-card .media-frame { max-height: 62vh; }

.rail-meta { padding: .8rem .9rem .55rem; }
.rail-title { font-size: var(--t-md); margin-bottom: .2rem; }
.rail-caption { font-size: var(--t-sm); color: var(--ink-muted); margin: 0; line-height: 1.5; }


/* -- the media element itself (shared by rail, gallery and lightbox) ------ */

/* Per-item `aspect` in content/media.js overrides the default, so a square
   simulation gets a square frame instead of wasted letterboxing. */
.media-frame {
  position: relative;
  aspect-ratio: var(--frame-aspect, 16 / 9);
  background: #0b1220;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.media-el {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  /* contain, never cover: cropping a simulation throws away data. */
  object-fit: contain;
}

.media-expand {
  position: absolute;
  right: .5rem;
  bottom: .5rem;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 2rem;
  height: 2rem;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: rgba(9, 14, 26, .62);
  color: #fff;
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity .16s ease, background .16s ease;
}
.media-expand svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; stroke-width: 1.8; }
.media-frame:hover .media-expand,
.media-expand:focus-visible { opacity: 1; }
.media-expand:hover { background: rgba(9, 14, 26, .85); }
@media (hover: none) { .media-expand { opacity: 1; } }


/* -- thumbnail strip ------------------------------------------------------ */

.thumbs {
  display: flex;
  gap: .4rem;
  padding: 0 .9rem .9rem;
  overflow-x: auto;
  scrollbar-width: thin;
}
.thumb {
  flex: none;
  width: 4.25rem;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  padding: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: #0b1220;
  overflow: hidden;
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: .55;
  transition: opacity .16s ease, border-color .16s ease;
}
.thumb img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.thumb:hover { opacity: .85; }
.thumb[aria-selected="true"] { opacity: 1; border-color: var(--accent); }
.thumb-fallback {
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  width: 100%; height: 100%; color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.thumb-fallback svg { width: 14px; height: 14px; }


/* == 6a-iii. Gallery tab =================================================== */

.gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(24rem, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem;
}
.gallery-item {
  margin: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: border-color .18s ease, box-shadow .18s ease;
}
.gallery-item:hover { border-color: var(--line-strong); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }
.gallery-item figcaption { padding: .9rem 1.05rem 1.1rem; }
.gallery-title { font-size: var(--t-md); margin-bottom: .25rem; }
.gallery-caption {
  font-size: var(--t-xs);
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  margin: 0 0 .55rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
}
.gallery-desc { font-size: var(--t-sm); color: var(--ink-muted); margin: 0; line-height: 1.6; }


/* == 6a-iv. Lightbox ======================================================= */

body.has-lightbox { overflow: hidden; }

.lightbox {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 200;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 3rem);
}
.lightbox[hidden] { display: none; }

.lightbox-backdrop {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(6, 9, 16, .82);
  backdrop-filter: blur(3px);
  animation: fade-in .18s ease both;
}
@keyframes fade-in { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }

.lightbox-panel {
  position: relative;
  width: min(72rem, 100%);
  max-height: 100%;
  overflow: auto;
  animation: panel-in .22s cubic-bezier(.2, .7, .3, 1) both;
}
.lightbox-body {
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #0b1220;
}
.lightbox-body .media-el {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-height: 78vh;
  object-fit: contain;
}
.lightbox-caption {
  margin: .75rem 0 0;
  color: #e7ebf2;
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  text-align: center;
}
.lightbox-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: -.25rem;
  right: 0;
  transform: translateY(-100%);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 2.25rem;
  height: 2.25rem;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .12);
  color: #fff;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.lightbox-close:hover { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .24); }
.lightbox-close svg { width: 17px; height: 17px; stroke-width: 1.9; }


/* == 6b. Publications ====================================================== */

.pub-toolbar {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .6rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.pub-search {
  flex: 1 1 13rem;
  min-width: 0;
  padding: .5rem .8rem;
  font: inherit;
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: border-color .16s ease;
}
.pub-search::placeholder { color: var(--ink-faint); }
.pub-search:focus { border-color: var(--accent); outline: none; box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--accent-soft); }

.chips { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .35rem; }
.chip {
  padding: .3rem .65rem;
  font: inherit;
  font-size: var(--t-xs);
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all .16s ease;
}
.chip:hover { border-color: var(--line-strong); color: var(--ink); }
.chip[aria-pressed="true"] {
  background: var(--accent);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
}
.chip .count { opacity: .65; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

.pub-year {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .85rem;
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  margin: 2.25rem 0 .9rem;
}
.pub-year::after {
  content: "";
  flex: 1;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--line);
}
.pub-list > .pub-year:first-child { margin-top: 0; }

.pub {
  padding: .9rem 0 .9rem 1rem;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--line);
  margin-bottom: .1rem;
  transition: border-color .18s ease;
}
.pub:hover { border-left-color: var(--accent); }

.pub-title { font-size: var(--t-md); margin-bottom: .25rem; line-height: 1.35; }
.pub-authors { font-size: var(--t-sm); color: var(--ink-muted); margin-bottom: .12rem; }
.pub-authors .me { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.pub-venue { font-size: var(--t-sm); color: var(--ink-faint); }
.pub-venue em { font-style: italic; color: var(--ink-muted); }

.pub-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .35rem; margin-top: .55rem; }

.pub-award {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: .4rem;
  font-size: var(--t-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent-ink);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  padding: .1rem .5rem;
  border-radius: 999px;
}

.pub-abstract { margin-top: .55rem; }
.pub-abstract summary {
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  cursor: pointer;
  width: fit-content;
  list-style: none;
}
.pub-abstract summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.pub-abstract summary::before { content: "▸ "; }
.pub-abstract[open] summary::before { content: "▾ "; }
.pub-abstract summary:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.pub-abstract p {
  margin: .5rem 0 0;
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  padding-left: .9rem;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--line);
}

.bib-box {
  margin-top: .55rem;
  padding: .75rem .85rem;
  background: var(--bg-sunken);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-size: var(--t-xs);
  line-height: 1.55;
  white-space: pre;
  overflow-x: auto;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}


/* == 6c. Software ========================================================== */

.cards {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(24rem, 1fr));
  gap: .85rem;
  align-items: start;
}

.card {
  padding: 1.35rem 1.5rem;
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  transition: border-color .18s ease, box-shadow .18s ease;
}
.card:hover { border-color: var(--line-strong); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }

.card-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: .6rem;
  margin-bottom: .4rem;
}
.card-head h3 { font-size: var(--t-md); font-family: var(--font-mono); font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.card p { margin: 0 0 .8rem; font-size: var(--t-sm); color: var(--ink-muted); line-height: 1.6; }

.tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .3rem; margin-bottom: .7rem; }

.card-code {
  display: block;
  padding: .5rem .7rem;
  margin-bottom: .75rem;
  background: var(--bg-sunken);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  overflow-x: auto;
  white-space: pre;
}

.card-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .35rem; }


/* == 6d. Teaching ========================================================== */

.course {
  padding: .9rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.course:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.course-head {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 1rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.course h3 { font-size: var(--t-md); }
.course-term { font-size: var(--t-xs); color: var(--ink-faint); white-space: nowrap; }
.course-where { font-size: var(--t-sm); color: var(--ink-muted); margin: .12rem 0 0; }
.course-blurb { font-size: var(--t-sm); color: var(--ink-muted); margin: .4rem 0 0; }
.course-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .35rem; margin-top: .5rem; }


/* == 6e. CV ================================================================ */

.cv-note { color: var(--ink-muted); margin-bottom: 1.15rem; }

.cv-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.cv-updated { font-size: var(--t-xs); color: var(--ink-faint); margin-left: .25rem; }

/* The primary action gets the accent treatment. */
.btn-lead {
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--accent);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  padding: .5rem 1rem;
  font-size: var(--t-sm);
}
.btn-lead:hover { color: #fff; background: var(--accent-ink); border-color: var(--accent-ink); }
.btn-lead svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; stroke-width: 1.8; }

.cv-frame-wrap {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--bg-sunken);
}
.cv-frame {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: min(78vh, 900px);
  border: 0;
}
.cv-small { font-size: var(--t-xs); color: var(--ink-faint); margin: .6rem 0 0; display: none; }


/* == 7. Responsive ========================================================= */

/* Below this the rail can't hold a usable clip beside the text, so the Home
   grid folds to one column and the clips sit under the bio. */
@media (max-width: 1240px) {
  .home-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 2rem; }
  .home-rail { position: static; max-width: 38rem; }
  .rail-card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  /* Not sticky any more, so it can use its natural height. */
  .rail-card .media-frame { max-height: none; }
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  :root { --pad: 1.5rem; }

  .layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

  .sidebar { border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .sidebar-inner {
    position: static;
    max-height: none;
    overflow: visible;
    padding: 2rem 1.5rem 0;
    gap: 1.25rem;
  }

  /* Identity becomes a compact horizontal header. */
  .identity {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
    grid-template-rows: auto auto auto;
    column-gap: 1rem;
    text-align: left;
    align-items: center;
  }
  .avatar {
    grid-row: 1 / 4;
    width: 5rem; height: 5rem;
    margin: 0;
    /* Tighter ring — 6px of breathing room crowds the compact header. */
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--line), 0 0 0 3px var(--bg);
  }
  .identity-name { font-size: var(--t-md); align-self: end; margin-bottom: 0; }
  .identity-affil { font-size: var(--t-xs); align-self: start; }

  /* Nav becomes a sticky, horizontally scrollable tab strip. */
  .nav {
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 10;
    flex-direction: row;
    gap: .25rem;
    overflow-x: auto;
    scrollbar-width: none;
    margin: 0 -1.5rem;
    padding: .5rem 1.5rem;
    background: var(--sidebar-bg);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }
  .nav::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
  .nav a { white-space: nowrap; padding: .4rem .8rem; }
  .nav a::before {
    top: auto; bottom: 0; left: .8rem; right: .8rem;
    width: auto; height: 2px;
    transform: none;
    transition: opacity .2s ease;
    opacity: 0;
  }
  .nav a[aria-current="page"]::before { height: 2px; opacity: 1; }

  .links { flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .2rem; }
  .links a { padding: .3rem .55rem; }

  .sidebar-foot { margin-top: 0; padding: 0 0 1.25rem; }

  .content { padding: 2rem var(--pad) 3rem; }
  .panel-title { font-size: var(--t-xl); }
}

/* Phone browsers render inline PDFs poorly, so show the buttons instead. */
@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .cv-frame-wrap { display: none; }
  .cv-small { display: block; }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .gallery { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .cards { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .lightbox-close { top: auto; bottom: -.25rem; transform: translateY(100%); }
  .news li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: .15rem; }
  .news time { padding-top: 0; }
  .pub-toolbar { gap: .5rem; }
  .pub-search { flex-basis: 100%; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *::before, *::after {
    animation-duration: .001ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: .001ms !important;
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
  }
}


/* == 8. Print ============================================================== */

@media print {
  .sidebar, .pub-toolbar, .pub-actions, .card-actions, .course-actions,
  .cv-actions, .cv-frame-wrap, .cv-small, .site-foot, .skip-link,
  .media-expand, .thumbs, .lightbox { display: none !important; }

  .home-grid { display: block; }
  .gallery { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .gallery-item { page-break-inside: avoid; }

  .layout { display: block; }
  .content { padding: 0; }
  .panel { display: block !important; animation: none; }
  .panel + .panel { page-break-before: always; }

  body { font-size: 11pt; color: #000; background: #fff; }  /* pt is correct for print */
  a { color: #000; text-decoration: none; }
  .card, .interest { border: 1px solid #ccc; box-shadow: none; }
  .course, .pub { page-break-inside: avoid; }
}


/* == 9. Standalone pages =================================================== */

.notfound {
  max-width: 32rem;
  margin: 18vh auto;
  padding: 0 1.5rem;
  text-align: center;
}
.notfound-code {
  font-size: 3.5rem;   /* display numeral, deliberately off-scale */
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin: 0 0 .25rem;
  letter-spacing: -.03em;
}
.notfound h1 { font-size: var(--t-xl); margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.notfound p { color: var(--ink-muted); }

.noscript-note {
  max-width: 34rem;
  margin: 12vh auto;
  padding: 0 1.5rem;
}